Home All Therapies Hycamtin

Hycamtin

topotecan
Topoisomerase I Inhibitor FDA Approved 1996 Novartis (originator); generics available
Route
IV Infusion / Oral
Half-Life
~2–3 hrs (IV); ~3–4 hrs (oral)
FDA Approved
1996
Manufacturer
Novartis (originator); generics available
1. Indications and Usage

Ovarian cancer: Metastatic carcinoma of the ovary after failure of initial or subsequent chemotherapy. Small cell lung cancer (SCLC): Relapsed SCLC in patients with a prior complete or partial response who are at least 45 days from the end of first-line chemotherapy; IV for patients with sensitive disease. Cervical cancer: Stage IV-B, recurrent, or persistent cervical carcinoma not amenable to curative treatment, in combination with cisplatin.

2. Dosage and Administration

Ovarian cancer (IV): 1.5 mg/m² IV over 30 minutes daily for 5 consecutive days, starting on Day 1 of a 21-day cycle.
SCLC (IV): 1.5 mg/m² IV over 30 minutes daily for 5 days every 21 days.
SCLC (oral): 2.3 mg/m² orally once daily for 5 consecutive days, repeated every 21 days.
Cervical cancer: Topotecan 0.75 mg/m² IV Days 1–3 + cisplatin 50 mg/m² IV Day 1, every 21 days.

3. Dosage Forms and Strengths

IV: Lyophilized powder for injection 4 mg/vial; solution for injection 1 mg/mL (4 mL vial).
Oral: Capsules: 0.25 mg, 1 mg

4. Contraindications

Severe hypersensitivity to topotecan. Severe myelosuppression (baseline neutrophils <1,500 cells/mm³ and platelets <100,000/mm³).

5. Warnings and Precautions
  • Myelosuppression: Dose-limiting severe neutropenia (grade 4) in 81% of patients. Monitor CBC on Day 1 of each cycle and weekly.
  • Diarrhea: Severe (grade 3–4) diarrhea with oral topotecan. Hospitalization required in some cases.
  • Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD): Fatal ILD reported. Withhold topotecan for new pulmonary infiltrates; permanently discontinue if confirmed ILD.
  • Embryo-Fetal Toxicity: Can cause fetal harm. Advise effective contraception.
  • Extravasation: Local reactions may occur at IV infusion site.
6. Adverse Reactions
Most Common Adverse Reactions

Neutropenia (97%), Anemia (98%), Thrombocytopenia (81%), Nausea (64%), Fatigue (29%), Diarrhea (42%), Alopecia (49%), Vomiting (45%)

Neutropenia
97%
Anemia
98%
Thrombocytopenia
81%
Nausea
64%
Fatigue
29%
Diarrhea
42%
Alopecia
49%
Vomiting
45%

Consult the complete prescribing information for a comprehensive list of adverse reactions and their frequencies.

7. Drug Interactions

G-CSF: If used to treat neutropenia, administer at least 24 hours after completion of topotecan.
Platinum compounds: Greater myelosuppression when combined with cisplatin/carboplatin; monitor carefully.
P-glycoprotein inhibitors: May increase topotecan exposure.

8. Use in Specific Populations
Pregnancy

Can cause fetal harm. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective contraception. Consult the full prescribing information for pregnancy risk details.

Lactation

Advise women not to breastfeed during treatment and for a period after the last dose. Refer to prescribing information for duration guidance.

Pediatric Use

Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been established unless otherwise noted in the full prescribing information.

Hepatic/Renal Impairment

Dose modifications for organ impairment are specified in the complete prescribing information.

12. Clinical Pharmacology
Mechanism of Action

Topotecan is a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin that inhibits topoisomerase I (Topo I). It forms a stable ternary complex with Topo I and DNA, preventing re-ligation of the DNA strand that Topo I has cut, resulting in persistent single-strand DNA breaks. These convert to lethal double-strand breaks during DNA replication, ultimately causing cell death in S-phase.

Pharmacokinetics

Route: IV or oral. Oral bioavailability: ~40%. Protein binding: ~35%. Volume of distribution: ~87.5 L/m². Minimal hepatic metabolism; hydrolysis of active lactone form to inactive hydroxy acid. Half-life: 2–3 hours (IV). Renal elimination: ~51%. Dose reduction required for CrCl 20–39 mL/min.

14. Clinical Studies

Clinical efficacy and safety data supporting the approval are available in the full prescribing information and from the clinical trials listed below.

Pivotal Clinical Trials
Additional Resources
FDA-Approved Tumor Types

Hycamtin has FDA-approved indications across the following cancer types covered on CancerDrugEvidence:

External Resources
Important Notice: This page is intended as a navigational reference to the FDA-approved prescribing information for Hycamtin. It does not replace the full prescribing information. Healthcare professionals should consult the complete package insert available at DailyMed before making prescribing decisions. Patient-specific factors should always guide clinical decision-making.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is Hycamtin (topotecan) approved for?

Hycamtin (topotecan) is an FDA-approved oncology agent. Refer to the full prescribing information for complete indication details.

How is Hycamtin (topotecan) administered?

Refer to the full prescribing information for dosing schedules, administration instructions, and dose modifications.

How does Hycamtin (topotecan) work?

Topotecan is a semisynthetic derivative of camptothecin that inhibits topoisomerase I (Topo I). It forms a stable ternary complex with Topo I and DNA, preventing re-ligation of the DNA strand that Topo I has cut, resulting in persistent single-strand DNA breaks. These convert to lethal double-strand

What are the most common side effects?

Neutropenia (97%), Anemia (98%), Thrombocytopenia (81%), Nausea (64%), Fatigue (29%), Diarrhea (42%), Alopecia (49%), Vomiting (45%)